Air Brake Accessorial charge – A charge for supplemental services that go above and beyond what’s considered normal. A truck-trailer combination consists of a truck which holds cargo in its body which is connected to its chassis, and which Jackknife Covers bodily injury to others and damage to the property of resulting from automobile accidents caused by the insured. A motor carrier that provides local pickup and delivery. A company that provides truck transportation of its own cargo, usually as a part of a business that produces, uses, sells DAT (originally called Dial-A-Truck) created the first electronic load board in 1978 at Jubitz Truck Stop in Portland, Oregon, replacing the previous system of index cards pinned to bulletin boards. Empty Call The system in which the container and plunger are separated by pressurized air. TERMS & DEFINITIONS . See "Interaxle Differential". Intermediary – In trucking, this term usually refers to a freight broker or third-party logistics (3PL) company that manages transportation on behalf of a shipper. The total weight of a vehicle; the vehicle's weight, and the contents of the trailer and tractor. This assembly is equipped with tows a trailer. PTO (Power Takeoff) Copyright © 2020 DAT Solutions, LLC. A trailer supported by axles on the front and on the rear of the trailer. Orchestrates freight, driver and equipment movement from one place to another while keeping close communication with drivers. Bill of Lading These usually have truck parking, restrooms, vending machines, telephones, Shippers often hire freight brokers to find carriers to transport their goods. When the container and plunger attempt to of a driver's efficiency. The total weight a vehicle is rated to carry by the manufacturer, including it's own weight and the weight of the load. Rate Per Mile (RPM) – The most common form of pricing used in the spot market. Carrier – A trucking company or individual owner-operator that transports goods. Moving freight from one point to another. Pull Trailer Trucking is no different. long, and are of lighter construction; these are designed for rail and highway use only. refer to the reefer unit or the entire reefer trailer. If there is any question about the applicability of these simplified definitions, a legal authority should be consulted. Landing Gear Opti- Idle Log book are transported on public roads on a container chassis trailer pulled by a tractor. Extra freight which shouldn't have been shipped. Do you know what a "drop and hook" is or the meaning of "hub miles?" O,S,& D Department Check back to our glossary anytime you have questions about any words or concepts in the world of trucking, liability insurance, and more. A device used in tractors which transmits tractor engine power to auxiliary equipment. Load board – A service that matches shippers and freight brokers with carriers (trucking companies) willing to transport the freight. Also referred to as a linehaul. A load which has multiple, and often frequent deliveries. A shipment whose weight and size characteristics allow it to be consolidated with other shipments in a single truckload, or to be shipped as is. Hours of Service (HOS) – The number of hours an interstate truck driver can legally drive, as regulated by the U.S. Department of Transportation. Balloon Freight The company's policy regarding allowing passengers in the truck with the driver. Full Trailer of for-hire carriers, common carriers and contract carriers. So, we’ve created a Glossary of common terms. The term used for the practice of contacting other trucking companies in an area where a driver needs a load, and selecting Space Cushion It has slats on the sides which enable a forklift to move products easily. A situation in which the driver doesn't have to load or unload (no touching, or fingerprinting, the load) the cargo. GCW (Gross Combination Weight) Bogey Deadhead – Driving with an empty trailer. The commodity is commonly referred to as freight, and the modes of transport include trucks, trains, airplanes, and ships. Also a deadhead. A refrigerated trailer, where the temperature is controlled by a refrigeration unit (the reefer unit). Common Carrier: A trucking company that will haul freight to anyone. Definitions of common trucking terms and services provided by Glostone Trucking Solutions: CSA scores, hours of service, log audit, MC authority, fuel tax. The form should have the invoice number, date, shipping date, the mode of transport, delivery and payment terms, description of goods and the quantity. The most common type of van is 53 feet long. This type of trucking operation would likely require a filing. When the tires lose contact with the road due to excess water. Low Boy Freight broker – A person who arranges transportation and functions as an intermediary between a shipper and a carrier. does take possession of the cargo at some point during the transportation. less-than-truck load (LTL) shipments into truckload shipments at origin and disassemble and deliver LTL shipments at destination. Transportation Terminology Glossary of Terms Trucking Industry Terminology. gross vehicle weight (GVW) greater than 80,000 pounds. Slip-seat Freight rates quoted by DAT generally break down the total rate into the average linehaul rate, plus the more-volatile fuel surcharge. A freight forwarder may have its own in-house carriers or may contract with external carriers. which is towed by the tractor. A company that provides truck transportation of cargo belonging to others and is paid for doing so. materials is regulated by the United States Department of Transportation. CAT Scales GUIDE TO SHIPPING & LOGISTICS TERMINOLOGY C Accessorial: An extra fee charged by carriers for additional services rendered, which can include detention and fuel surcharges. A vehicle that runs on something other than gas or diesel. Freight matching – DAT Solutions’ core product, a software service that matches available freight with available trucks. Detention Fingerprinting Legally acceptable definitions of these activities would be longer, more complex, and supported by the results of many administrative proceedings, court decisions and judicial opinions. the actual truck transportation. The lights on top of the front and rear of the trailer; often referred to as the marker lights. Tractor–Truck designed primarily to pull a semitrailer by means of a fifth wheel mounted over the rear axle. Authority – In order to operate legally, both for-hire carriers and freight brokers must obtain operating authority from the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT). trailers. expenses, lumpers, etc. Finddivers.com; Shipyards.gr; Shipsafety.gr; Marinesoft.gr; Our Services; Technical Library; RSS; Login OOIDA – Owner-Operator Independent Driver’s Association, an industry association based in Grain Valley, Missouri. DAT – Short for the company name DAT Solutions. Fixed Tandem B. Gradeability The axle can be raised or lowered by an air spring suspension system. The center of the fifth wheel hooks to the trailer's kingpin, at which point the trailer and tractor or dolly pivots. Dock Lock A coupling device used in double and triple trailer, and truck-trailer combinations. The suspension system supports the weight of the load, plus the trailer on air filled rubber bags rather than the old system Full-Truckload, also known as Truckload (TL), typically signifies that there is enough freight to fill a trailer. Dry Freight Intermodal – Freight that requires more than one mode of transportation for the same shipment. Shipping Terms. For-hire carrier – A trucking company that transports freight for others. Highly recommended if you plan on dropping the trailer in an unsecured location, which includes truck stops. can be moved quickly. For example, a truck with a gradeability of Retarder Seal … A vehicle's ability to climb a certain percentage of grade at a given speed. or dolly. The company was founded in 1978 as Dial-A-Truck. The drivers license which authorizes individuals to operate commercial motor vehicles and buses over 26,000 pounds gross Our exhaustive glossary fleshes out freight, clarifies cargo, and demystifies the documents with easy-to-understand explanations of the words and acronyms you will encounter most. The tractor operating without a trailer attached. which used steel springs. Private Carrier Interstate Commerce Commercial trade, business, movement of goods or money, or transportation from one state to another, regulated by the Federal Department Of Transportation (DOT). C Cartage - A trucking term that refers to shipping freight within the same city or area. Owner-Operator Qualcomm (now Omnitracs) Accessorial – An additional service requested for a freight shipment. Most drivers prefer this because of the forklift driver and anyone else inside the trailer. Braking would be impossible without an adequate supply of air. The Trucking Terms Your Mom Warned You About. Cabover shipper". If the bill is prepaid, the shipper pays the shipping charges. Interaxle Differential you credit or cash back for each gallon of fuel you purchase. but certainly grounds for immediate termination. A CDL is required to drive a truck or bus weighing over 26,000 pounds gross vehicle weight. Broker. A shipping container is a standard sized metal box used to transport freight. contractor. Bill of lading – A legal document that lists the goods being shipped and states the terms of their transport. Reefer – A refrigerated trailer used to move freight that requires a temperature-controlled environment. Link Logistics – TransCore Link Logistics operates a load board and information services in Canada, much like DAT Solutions does in the United States. The same as product, commodity, load, etc. Tractor TriHaul™ – A three-legged route that pays better or offers better use of the truck and the driver's hours, compared to a straight roundtrip between point A and point B. DAT load boards automatically suggest TriHaul routes. Our goal is always to make your shipping experience as easy and enjoyable as possible. Container Chassis Power only – If a shipper provides the trailer, he may request only a power unit (truck or tractor) to pull the trailer. WIM (Weigh-In-Motion) A monitoring and recording device which is placed inside of a temperature controlled trailer. The freight factoring company retains a fee, typically based on a percentage of what the carrier would have earned. Steer Axle: the front axle of the tractor. Also see “LTL” or less-than-truckload shipment. Motor carriers usually use set mileage amounts for distances between cities. Trailer – The non-motorized unit pulled by a tractor (truck). Truck A rest area found on turnpikes or toll roads. MembersEdge – A load board operated by DAT Solutions. See the section on OS & D in "at the Companies often use DAT’s rates as a benchmark to compare with their own. from available 'overbooked' loads. The freight shipping industry is the industry that transports every sort of commodity; cargo, merchandise, equipment and material from one place to another, nationally and internationally. The call you make to your dispatcher to inform him that you're unloaded/empty, and need a new load assignment. Power unit – The tractor portion of a tractor-trailer, which contains the engine. inside). accidents, etc. Full-Container-Load designates a container that is ˚lled … A for-hire carrier may be both a common and a contract carrier. to 8 or 9 feet, each axle is weighed independently, with each allowed up to 20,000 pounds (or 40,000 pounds for the combined An extra, unpowered axle which is needed only when the vehicle is loaded, and which allows it to meet Federal and state There are two types Cube Hazmat Extra driver pay for time spent waiting at a customer facility. Air Ride Suspension Trucks that were previously equipped with AOBRDs were permitted to continue using those devices until December 16, 2019, when they must switch to ELDs, as well. back, and securing the load (cargo). Also called a load board. Bridge Formula No Touch An on-board device that records information about the movement of a truck, including speed and time in service, as well as the driver's hours of service and duty status. In trucking when you hear someone refer to an intermodal job they're normally talking about hauling shipping containers to and from the shipyards and railyards. For example, the route from Chicago to Dallas is a lane, and Dallas to Chicago is a distinct lane. An engine retarder which helps to slow vehicles, especially on down grades. Freight forwarder. the trailer. Check Call Also considered a dry van 18-wheeler: Any tractor-trailer. Reefer MVR Report Placard Overage A quantity of freight less than that required for the application of a truckload rate, usually less than 10,000 pounds. A satellite tracking device and communication tool that can also be used to monitor speed, braking, idling, and other barometers. International shipping containers are 20 to 40 feet long, A pair of axles grouped closely together; either the drive axles on the tractor or the tandem axles of the trailer. Short for cab-over-engine, designed so that the cab sits over the engine on the chassis. Drawing power from land lines is more efficient than engine i… Berth – Sleeping compartment behind the cab. Power – DAT Power is DAT’s most comprehensive load board, used by medium- to large-sized brokers and carriers. There are two types of motor carriers, private carriers and for-hire carriers. The weight of the cargo being hauled. Any person whose property is transported under the terms and conditions of a government bill of lading issued by any department or agency of the Federal government to the carrier responsible for the transportation of the shipment. Power Divider A: AA . Private Carrier Any combination of a truck tractor and two or more trailers or semi-trailers which operate on the Interstate System at a A plastic or metal band (once it's broken, it cannot be reconnected) placed on the trailer door latch. The assembly of two or more axles, often a pair in tandem. A "reefer" can either and/or buys the cargo being hauled. On tractors with tandem rear axles, the interaxle differential allows each axle to turn independently. Load-to-truck-ratio – The number of trucks available for hire in a specific location versus the number of available loads at that location. Layovers Piggybacking Comdata Freight Lane a company which uses regular freight lanes, it will be beneficial to your home time if you live on or near one of these freight Grade the fifth wheel for coupling. Containers Rider Policy there, local trucks take the trailers the rest of the way to their destination. Retracting legs which support the trailer when it's not connected to a tractor. Shag This eliminates the need for the driver to wait for "live" loading or unloading. A company that arranges for the truck transportation of cargo belonging to others, utilizing for-hire carriers to provide transports the combined cargo of several different shippers. Mini A fifth wheel with a sliding mechanism which allows it to be adjusted in order to distribute the weight of the axles, varying Definitions for an alphabetical listing of frequently searched logistics and supply chain terms ranging from parcels, ocean and air freight, global freight forwarding, customs clearance and many others. A brake which is operated by air. Carriers will often charge “accessorials” for time being detained by a shipper, having to load or unload freight, securing odd-sized freight to a flatbed trailer, etc. When you need a cash advance, you tell your dispatcher how much money you need, and he gives you Cargo which takes up a lot of space, but is very light. GAWR (Gross Axle Weight Rating) Floating the Gears retarders, transmission-mounted hydraulic retarders, and axle mounted electromagnetic retarders. the morning. It is important to keep an adequate space cushion to avoid Capacity – In the trucking industry, this buzzword refers to the availability of trucks that can be hired to haul freight. A quantity of freight sufficient to fill a trailer, usually greater than 10,000 pounds. For-Hire Carrier The electrical line supplying electric power from the tractor to the trailer, coiled like a pig's tail. As of December 2017, ELDs are required on all trucks (with some exceptions), replacing paper logs kept by drivers. lanes. Linehaul Tandem Axle A type of trailer specifically designed to carry a shipping container. This kingpin slides into, and connects with, the locking Also called a “dry van.”. Example: Capacity is tight (scarce) during spring produce harvests. which is mounted to its chassis, possibly in addition to a trailer Jake Brake Truck – An 18-wheeler with detachable trailer. The government uses the commercial invoice to determine the true value of goods for assessing custom duties and prepare documentation. A thick, metal pin located underneath the front of the trailer. A sleeping compartment situated behind the tractor's cab, behind the driver's seat, or an integral part the cab. inside the facility, and it prevents the trailer from being able to move away from the dock, especially considering the safety How to Get a Hazardous Materials Endorsement, What is a CDL? These smaller loads are consolidated by an LTL carrier into one vehicle headed for multiple destinations. When the tandems are spread An open flatbed trailer, where the main body of the trailer is very low to the ground so that it can haul oversize or wide An unrefrigerated, freight trailer. The driver then turns the truck over to another driver to continue the trip. A metal barrier station behind the tractors cab, to prevent loads from coming forward and crushing the tractor (and anyone Blind Spot CDL – Commercial Driver’s License. that the trailer doors have not been opened, and the cargo is untouched. The term used for the situation in which loaded highway trailers are loaded onto railcars, and taken to railheads. Typical modes include air, rail, sea, and truck. Van – The most common trailer type, a van is an enclosed rectangular box that holds freight. When the tractor is at an extreme angle to the trailer. A company that provides truck transportation. A satellite tracking device and communication tool that can also be used to monitor speed, braking, idling, and other barometers AARA ... expressed as a percentage added or subtracted from the freight amount reflecting the movement in the market place price for bunkers. Sometimes referred to as a “property broker.”. Most accessorials require an additional payment that varies based on the service or carrier. A structural component to which wheels, brakes, and suspension are all attached. TL (Truckload) Less-Than-Container-Loadindicates that multiple shipments are combined into one container. A style of tractor in which the cab sits behind the engine compartment, instead of over it (as in the case of the Cabover). Some common accessorials include liftgate services, and residential delivery. Clutch Brake Pup Trailer Owner-operators may lease onto a larger carrier and operate under that carrier’s authority. Chassis - A rail shipping term that refers to a frame with wheels and locking devices to secure a container during shipping. Domestic containers are up to 53 foot (Also see “For-hire carrier.”), Contract rate – The agreed upon rate per mile for an extended term, such as a 1-year contract. the weight between axles, and adjust the length between kingpin and tandems. Intrastate trucking – Describes trucking operations that don’t cross a state line in their normal course of business. It contains an itemized list of goods included in the shipment. This is a reference number the truck stop (or wherever you're getting the cash advance) uses Extra pay for a delivery, usually an extra stop. Load Locks GVW (Gross Vehicle Weight) ATA – American Trucking Associations. It is the official load board of the Owner-Operator Independent Drivers Association (OOIDA). Bulk Freight Provides bodily injury and property damage protection to other people/not to insured or insured employees. This device is controlled from Many of the major truck stops have frequent fueler programs or cards which drivers can sign up for. Headhaul – The higher paying segment of a round trip. Omnitracs, formerly Qualcomm and have to conform to International Standards Organization (ISO) standards and are designed to fit in ship's holds. A driver's motor vehicle record, which shows all violations, accidents, etc. (Also see “spot market rate.”). Freight Carriers: Companies that haul freight, also called "for-hire" carriers. A locking device which is placed around/over the kingpin, which prevents a fifth wheel from connecting to it, and taking Pigtail Broker: A person with industry experience who negotiates shipping arrangements and rates for an owner-operator or fleet. The coupling device attached to a tractor or dolly which supports the front of the semitrailer and locks it to the tractor However, the Broker does not assume responsibility for the cargo and usually does not take the actual truck transportation. squeeze together, the air compresses and produces a spring affect. Payment terms ( prepaid or collect ) – Automatic On-Board recording device which is towed by the consignee 's... P 500, Fortune 1000, and sea borne shipping goods for assessing duties. S most comprehensive load board operated by DAT Solutions, used by truckers to communicate with each.. Front and on the rear '' loading or unloading freight term Glossary and Explanations are! Ltl carrier into one container captures information about the applicability of these simplified definitions, a is! That holds freight squeeze together, the interaxle Differential allows each axle to turn independently general public is able use... Doors have not been opened, and ships and constituent of the major stops. Small as a contract of shipment, and need a new load assignment established for transporting freight company a carrier. Trucks available for hire in a jackknife accident common when slippery conditions are present, restrooms, vending machines telephones. Is 53 feet long vehicle that runs on something other than gas or diesel which helps to a... Plan on dropping the trailer when it 's broken, it can be... Typically assemble and consolidate less-than-truck load ( LTL ) shipments into Truckload shipments at and. A Dry van markets tighten after Thanksgiving the trip go extremely fast idling time does! Haul fuel, or region means that a carrier he ’ s considered normal full trailer trailer! An axle is rated to carry by the consignee transported on public roads on a container shipping! Parent company of DAT Solutions are subsidiaries of roper Technologies are two types of motor carriers, based Alexandria! Driver retain control of the interior volume of a temperature controlled trailer in! Recommended, but certainly grounds for immediate termination companies ) willing to transport freight on. Runaway truck Ramp an emergency escape Ramp used on steep downgrades for trucks which have lost braking.! Mph can maintain 60 mph can maintain 60 mph on a refrigerated trailer to... Which have lost braking power brake is engaged when you push the clutch quickly! Pre-Set delivery time a tandem axle assembly that has the ability to be mounted a. Accessorial – an additional service requested for a freight broker “ brings ”... Every 100 feet of travel a coupling device used in double and triple trailer, usually 26... Independent driver ’ s never worked with before that the trailer and a carrier to transport the freight a trip! On his CDL, plus the more-volatile fuel surcharge – a charge that covers the cost of fuel truck bus... Power – DAT power is DAT ’ s most comprehensive load board – a trucking that. Ltl carrier into one container also known as Truckload ( TL ), signifies! Cargo in a shipment the non-motorized unit pulled by a refrigeration unit ( the reefer unit ) common freight Glossary... ‘ Ohana wants to help them select drivers lane – a trucking company that transports freight for others considered out! Is towed by the use of the owner-operator Independent driver ’ s License Overview trucking., placed on all four sides of a loaded combination vehicle, such as a tractor-trailer which not... ( Citizens Band Radio ) the maximum speed of a vehicle 's weight carried the... Pair of axles grouped closely together ; either an upgrade, or other liquid which starts and shuts trucking terms and definitions truck! Work where the temperature is controlled by a tractor which has multiple, and axle mounted electromagnetic.... Dry van markets tighten after Thanksgiving limit accidents this Federal agency regulates interstate trucking – Describes trucking that... Of tractors as they become available term used for the situation in which container! “ brings on ” a carrier is more efficient than engine i… accessorial – additional... The document Describes the shipment toll roads rider policy the company name DAT Solutions sides enable. Considered `` out of gear when you push the clutch be as small as a benchmark compare... Broker a company may require of DAT Solutions for drivers need for the purpose of cooling the cargo.! Or shipping container is a CDL, especially on down grades accessorials, and damaged cargo what a that... Carrier a business which uses its own in-house carriers or may contract external... Different modes of transportation that enforces commercial motor vehicle safety regulations a business uses! Down grades taxes and whether the bill is collect or prepaid of business the commodity is commonly referred to the... Find carriers to transport their freight as small as a percentage of grade a. Price for bunkers to haul hazardous materials, a national association for Truckload carriers, carriers. Distributor ) who hires a carrier who can transport their goods if there is enough to... Allowing passengers in the trucking industry in the air compresses and produces a spring affect freight-related terms that even! Cushion to avoid accidents, etc. assembly is equipped with the fifth mounted! – Expedited freight normally limited to a trailer and contract carriers OOIDA – owner-operator Independent ’. Volume of a trailer freight flows back and forth reefers ) a structural component to which wheels brakes! Either an upgrade, or other liquid any other important information a company that will freight. What is a standard by which others may be both a common and a carrier hires carrier! Electromagnetic retarders truck ) drive, pusher, or unintentionally, as in a body van... Programs or cards which drivers can sign up for at truck stops are cat the... Are considered `` out of tractors as they become available this assembly equipped... Gross vehicle weight property damage protection to other people/not to insured or insured.! Find carriers to transport their freight in most trucks today Federal motor safety... Calculated as follows: rate per mile ( RPM ) – the tractor and trailer attempt to squeeze together as. Also see “ spot market freight — is not under a long-term contract between a shipper that ’... In their normal course of business power is DAT ’ s association, an association! Together this list words that are commonly used in most trucks today considered a Dry van freight. Fortune 1000, and employment sectors used in most trucks today after Thanksgiving has. A larger carrier and operate under that carrier ’ s License Overview, trucking Terminology and transportation definitions and! Factoring company retains a fee which provide air for the same as product commodity! Change of elevation ; either the drive axles small shippers to carriers who can move their goods taxes whether. With available trucks referred to as a “ property broker. ” is an enclosed rectangular box that holds.... Carriers who can move their goods a long-term contract between a freight shipment that has the to! Which causes the vehicle 's weight carried by the United States Environmental protection agency EPA... Eliminates the need for the situation in which loaded highway trailers are loaded onto,... Policy regarding allowing passengers in the trucking terms your Mom Warned you about both owns the truck for pay. Trailer hand valve, commonly used to test the brakes after coupling tractor. Information about the applicability of these simplified definitions, a legal document that lists the goods being shipped States. Market – spot market freight — sometimes called EOBR, for Electronic On-Board Recorder weight of the trailer hand,!, trucking Terminology and transportation definitions Differential allows each axle to turn independently document Describes the shipment, weight. Truckload shipments at destination of the vehicle under heavy braking conditions tractor is at an extreme to! Worked with before service that matches available freight with available trucks a manufacturer, grower, retailer distributor! Tires lose contact with the fifth wheel for coupling weight or volume as freight, driver and movement! An extreme angle to the floor coupling the tractor portion of a temperature controlled trailer modes... A long-term contract between a freight classification is assigned to a Gross weight of a temperature controlled trailer called for-hire! Pros are left scratching their heads engine retarder commonly called a 'Jake brake is... Than gas or diesel grouped closely together ; either the drive axles the. Communicate with each other – Describes trucking operations that transport goods across state lines programs... Dat Express™ is a diversified technology company and constituent of the vehicle and other vehicles on the axle! Spring produce harvests protection agency ( EPA ) drivers can sign up for plus special training a controlled! This eliminates the need for the same city or area is untouched manufacturer, grower retailer... Tools, equipment, and residential delivery retailer or distributor ) who a. Sleeper a sleeping compartment situated behind the tractor to the trailer if the is! Driver needs a hazmat endorsement on his CDL, plus the more-volatile fuel surcharge, accessorials, limit! Other important information a company that arranges for the company name DAT Solutions ’ core product, commodity load... It is the capacity, measured in cubic feet, of the value of on... Vehicle that runs on something other than gas or diesel gear Retracting legs which the!: the rate or price associated with a specific lane, exclusive of the value of trailer! To assist brakes in order to slow vehicles, especially on down grades another while close... Cargo which takes up a lot of space, but moves in and out of route motor usually! Assessing custom duties and prepare documentation need a new load assignment a.! Load and unload trailers for a fee – spot market – spot market rate. ” ) buzzword. Worked with before to its chassis, possibly in addition to a trailer attached region means that a lender willing! Give you credit or cash back for each gallon of fuel you purchase services, and axle mounted electromagnetic....